Wind-tunnel tests are used in determining
design wind loads for structures with unusual shapes, unusual response to
lateral loading, or location where channeling effects or buffeting in the wake
of upwind obstructions are likely to occur. Tests also are desirable where wind
records are not available or when more accurate information is needed. Codes
often require that the following conditions be met in execution of wind-tunnel tests:
1. Air motion should be modeled to account for
variation of wind speed with elevation and the intensity of the longitudinal
component of turbulence.
2. The geometric scale of the model should not
be greater than 3 times that of the longitudinal component of turbulence.
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Burj Dubai: Wind Tunnel Model-Aeroelastic Model at 1:500 scale
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3. Instruments used should have response
characteristics consistent with the required accuracy of measurements to be
recorded.
4. Account should be taken of the dependence of
forces and pressures on the Reynolds number of the air motion.
5. Tests for determining the dynamic response of
a structure should be conducted on a model scaled with respect to dimensions,
mass distribution, stiffness, and damping of the proposed structure.
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