Piling is portion of system of foundation that is pushed
into just under the cap into the earth to provide support to the superstructure
above. Piling is used in relatively weak shallow strata of the earth where loads
from superstructure are transferred through piles to deeper stronger strata. It
is often used as foundation repair solution for existing distressed building
where foundation sinking, cracking and warping in different structural member
are visible, alarming the dwellers of structural failure. The names
that are used regarding piles depending on types and uses of them in Geotechnical engineers are :
e. Concrete piling
f. Double piling
There have other name like grouted pile and drilled pile and different languages and regions of the world also named piles in hundred ways.
In case of piling in sandy soils, friction developed around surface of the piles developed main capacity to the piles. In case of piling in clay soil, the capacity of piles are expected to develop from both wall friction between soil and pile surface and capacity that developed at the tip of pile (end bearing) in a more stable or competent stratum.
f. Double piling
There have other name like grouted pile and drilled pile and different languages and regions of the world also named piles in hundred ways.
In case of piling in sandy soils, friction developed around surface of the piles developed main capacity to the piles. In case of piling in clay soil, the capacity of piles are expected to develop from both wall friction between soil and pile surface and capacity that developed at the tip of pile (end bearing) in a more stable or competent stratum.
Pile Point of Refusal:
This is a point at which level piling operation can no longer
be continued into the earth without lifting or breaking the structure above. A lighter
structure, as it has less weight, it reaches point of refusal at a relatively
shallow depth. A heavy structure, as it is relatively heavier, it attains its
refusal point at relatively deeper point so that it reach hard strata or rocks
or it have combined or isolated action of skin
friction enough to support heavier loads. It should be noticed that a point of
refusal in wet condition is not the same as it in dry condition.
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